What is a Stock?
In simple terms, a stock is a small piece of ownership in a company. When you buy a company's stock, you become the owner of a very small part of that company. This makes you a shareholder.
Stock Kya Hota Hai?
Aasaan bhasha mein, ek stock kisi company mein aapki hissedari (ownership) ka ek chota sa tukda hota hai. Jab aap kisi company ka stock khareedte hain, to aap us company ke ek bahut chote hisse ke maalik ban jaate hain. Isse aapko shareholder kaha jaata hai.
Let's Understand with an Example:
Imagine your friend started a tea shop by investing ₹1,00,000. Now, he needs another ₹1,00,000 to expand the shop, but he doesn't have the money. He creates 1000 small parts (stocks) of his shop, with each part priced at ₹100. If you buy 10 of his stocks for ₹1000, you become a 1% owner of that tea shop!
Ek Udaharan se Samajhte Hain:
Sochiye, aapke dost ne ek chai ki dukaan kholi jismein usne ₹1,00,000 lagaye. Ab use dukaan ko bada karne ke liye aur ₹1,00,000 chahiye, lekin uske paas paise nahi hain. Woh apni dukaan ke 1000 chote-chote hisse (stocks) banata hai, har hisse ki keemat ₹100. Agar aap ₹1000 dekar uske 10 hisse (stocks) khareed lete hain, to aap us chai ki dukaan ke 1% maalik ban jaate hain!
Why Do Companies Issue Stocks?
Large companies like Reliance, Tata, etc., sell their stocks to the general public to raise funds for expanding their business, setting up new factories, or launching new products. This process is called an Initial Public Offering (IPO).
Companies Stocks Kyun Jaari Karti Hain?
Badi-badi companies jaise Reliance, Tata, etc., apne business ko badhane, nayi factories lagane, ya naye products launch karne ke liye paisa jutane (raise funds) ke liye apne stocks aam janta ko bechti hain. Is process ko Initial Public Offering (IPO) kehte hain.
Why Does a Stock's Price Fluctuate?
A stock's price works on the principle of supply and demand.
- Higher Demand: If more people want to buy a company's stock (because the company is performing well), its price increases.
- Higher Supply: If more people want to sell the stock (because there is bad news about the company), its price falls.
Investing in the stock market is a way to participate in a company's growth. If the company grows, the value of your invested money also increases.
Stock ki Keemat Upar-Neeche Kyun Hoti Hai?
Stock ki keemat supply aur demand ke niyam par chalti hai.
- Demand Zyada: Agar zyada log ek company ka stock khareedna chahte hain (kyunki company accha kaam kar rahi hai), to uski keemat badh jaati hai.
- Supply Zyada: Agar zyada log stock bechna chahte hain (kyunki company ko lekar koi buri khabar hai), to uski keemat gir jaati hai.
Stock market mein invest karna company ki growth mein hissa lene ka ek tareeka hai. Agar company grow karti hai, to aapke invest kiye gaye paison ki keemat bhi badhti hai.